Dental eruption

Some facts about tooth eruption in humans

Dental eruption is a biological and physiological process that is dynamic and complex. This process takes place over a period of several years. It includes the formation of teeth, their migration into the jaws and their exit into the mouth in the final functional position.

• Rash involves a transition between 2 types of dentition: temporary (primary) and permanent (permanent) dentition.
• It is closely related to children’s craniofacial development and growth and involves bone and soft tissue (gum tissue) in the tooth environment, as well as tissue changes such as resorption (wear) of the roots of temporary teeth to make way for permanent teeth.
• The eruption is a localized and symmetrical process, normally occurring at the same time on both sides of the dental arch. This is time-programmed, regulated by the dental follicle and is accompanied by multiple tissue changes such as resorption.
• The first stages of development occur at the embryonic level and end about twenty years later with the eruption of the permanent third molars (wisdom teeth).
• The process of tooth formation and eruption is very complex and several hypotheses attempt to explain the eruption mechanisms without having completely elucidated them.

Examples of variations in dental development and eruption

There may be a wide variation in the chronology of temporary tooth loss and eruption of permanent teeth as shown in the different cases illustrated in the photos below. (A) 16-year-old girl with several primary teeth still in her mouth and very strong (indicated by *). Most premolars and canines have not been released, which represents a delay of more than 4 years! (B) Another 16-year-old teenager with several temporary teeth in her mouth (*). (C) In contrast, this girl who is not yet 10 years old has a 12-year-old girl’s teeth with all her canines and premolars in her mouth.